winapi – Win32 – 什么可能导致不正确的绘图？

发布时间：2021-01-31 23:15:16 所属栏目：系统来源：网络整理

导读：我正在创建一个游戏,其中在WM_PAINT消息期间完成了大量绘图.窗口失效有几个不同的地方,迫使它重绘.我把所有东西画到了一个屏幕外的DC,然后把它绘制到窗口 – 创建非闪烁的“

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我正在创建一个游戏,其中在WM_PAINT消息期间完成了大量绘图.窗口失效有几个不同的地方,迫使它重绘.我把所有东西画到了一个屏幕外的DC,然后把它绘制到窗口 – 创建非闪烁的“帧”.

然而,每隔一段时间,一切都突然开始被错误地绘制.在我使用的五个位图中,前三个正在或多或少(但不完全)正确绘制.同样,所有颜色信息对于这三个都是正确的.在这三个之后绘制的另外两个是用错误的颜色绘制的 – 我认为白色仍然是白色的,但其他一切都被绘制为灰色.我不是说灰度,我的意思是除了白色之外的所有东西都是相同的颜色 – 灰色.

此外,当这种情况开始发生时,通常情况下所有内容都被绘制得太高 – 大约20到30个像素.此外,字体和消息框停止工作 – 所有文本都以默认字体绘制(但奇怪的是,正确的颜色),消息框只出现短暂,没有文字,然后消失 – 但必须像常规一样被解雇(你必须按回车键,否则如果你点击主窗口,它会按照正常情况执行,当有一个消息框打开时输入 – 闪烁并拨打错误音.所以一切都被皇家搞砸了.

我一直在研究这个项目已经有一段时间了,我最近才开始看到这个错误 – 尽管我根本没有修改下面的代码片段.很难测试可能会做什么,因为它似乎偶尔会发生.

这是WndProc中WM_CREATE和WM_PAINT中的代码：

case WM_CREATE:
    {
        hdc = GetDC(hWnd);
        hdcmem = CreateCompatibleDC(hdc);
        RECT rc;
        GetClientRect(hWnd,&rc);
        hdcbm = CreateCompatibleBitmap(hdc,rc.right,rc.bottom);
        hbcmem = CreateCompatibleDC(hdcmem);
        hdcbmold = (HBITMAP)SelectObject(hdcmem,hdcbm);

        // Load bitmaps
        bg = LoadBitmap(hInst,MAKEINTRESOURCE(IDB_BACKGROUND));
        mainCont = LoadBitmap(hInst,MAKEINTRESOURCE(IDB_GAME_CONT));
        if(bg == NULL || mainCont == NULL)
            ThrowError("A bitmap failed to load.");
    }
    break;
case WM_PAINT:
{
    PAINTSTRUCT ps;
    BeginPaint(hWnd,&ps);

    // Background
    hdcold = (HBITMAP)SelectObject(hbcmem,bg);
    BitBlt(hdcmem,237,196,hbcmem,SRCCOPY);
    BitBlt(hdcmem,237 * 2,SRCCOPY);

    // Main Game Container
    hdcold = (HBITMAP)SelectObject(hbcmem,mainCont);
    BitBlt(hdcmem,26,300,SRCCOPY);

    // Side Info
    HBITMAP side = LoadBitmap(hInst,MAKEINTRESOURCE(IDB_SIDEINFO));
    hdcold = (HBITMAP)SelectObject(hbcmem,side);
    BitBlt(hdcmem,339,154,SRCCOPY);
    DrawLevelNumber(game.map.levelnumber);

    if (color)
        sprites = LoadBitmap(hInst,MAKEINTRESOURCE(IDB_COLOR_SPRITES));
    else sprites = LoadBitmap(hInst,MAKEINTRESOURCE(IDB_BLACKWHITE_SPRITES));
    hdcold = (HBITMAP)SelectObject(hbcmem,sprites);

    // Find x and y coordinate for the top left of the visible screen
    int x = game.player.x,y = game.player.y,ypos = 0;
    if (x < 4)  x = 4;
    if (x > 27) x = 27;
    if (y < 4)  y = 4;
    if (y > 27) y = 27;
    x -= 4;
    y -= 4;

    // Draw lower layer
    for (int i = 0; i < 9; i++)
    {
        for (int j = 0; j < 9; j++)
        {
            if (game.map.Layer_Two[x + i][y + j] != 0)
            {
                int xpos = game.get_pos(game.map.Layer_Two[x + i][y + j].get(),ypos,false);
                BitBlt(hdcmem,(i * 32) + 32,(j * 32) + 32,32,xpos,SRCCOPY);
            }
        }
    }

    // Draw upper layer
    for (int i = 0; i < 9; i++)
    {
        for (int j = 0; j < 9; j++)
        {
            if ((game.map.Layer_Two[x + i][y + j] != 0 && game.map.Layer_One[x + i][y + j] >= 64 && game.map.Layer_One[x + i][y + j] <= 111))
            {
                int xpos = game.get_pos(game.map.Layer_One[x + i][y + j].get(),true);
                BitBlt(hdcmem,xpos + 96,SRCPAINT);
                BitBlt(hdcmem,SRCAND);
            } else {
                int xpos = game.get_pos(game.map.Layer_One[x + i][y + j].get(),SRCCOPY);
            }
        }
    }

    // If it isn't started,show title
    if (!game.started)
    {

        HDC tmphdc = CreateCompatibleDC(hdcmem);
        HDC tmp = CreateCompatibleDC(tmphdc);
        RECT rc;
        GetClientRect(hWnd,&rc);
        string str = game.map.leveltitle.substr(0,game.map.leveltitle.length() - 1);
        TCHAR* tch = new TCHAR[str.length()];
        mbstowcs_s(NULL,tch,_tcslen(tch),str.c_str(),str.length());
        HFONT font = CreateFont(25,FW_BOLD,false,ANSI_CHARSET,OUT_DEFAULT_PRECIS,CLIP_DEFAULT_PRECIS,DEFAULT_QUALITY,FF_DONTCARE,NULL);
        SelectObject(tmp,font);
        DrawText(tmp,str.length(),&rc,DT_CALCRECT);
        rc.right += 16;
        HBITMAP tmpbm = CreateCompatibleBitmap(hdcmem,rc.bottom);
        HBITMAP tmpold = (HBITMAP)SelectObject(tmphdc,tmpbm);

        HBRUSH hbr = CreateSolidBrush(RGB(255,255,255));
        HPEN pen = CreatePen(PS_SOLID,1,RGB(255,255));
        SelectObject(hdcmem,pen);
        SelectObject(hdcmem,hbr);
        Rectangle(hdcmem,176 - (rc.right / 2),243,177 + (rc.right / 2),248);
        hbr = CreateSolidBrush(RGB(128,128,128));
        pen = CreatePen(PS_SOLID,RGB(128,128));
        SelectObject(hdcmem,294,299);

        HBITMAP left = LoadBitmap(hInst,MAKEINTRESOURCE(IDB_LEFT));
        hdcold = (HBITMAP)SelectObject(hbcmem,left);
        BitBlt(hdcmem,176 - (rc.right / 2) - 4,4,56,SRCCOPY);
        HBITMAP right = LoadBitmap(hInst,MAKEINTRESOURCE(IDB_RIGHT));
        hdcold = (HBITMAP)SelectObject(hbcmem,right);
        BitBlt(hdcmem,176 + (rc.right / 2) + ((rc.right % 2) != 0),SRCCOPY);

        SelectObject(tmphdc,font);
        SetTextColor(tmphdc,0));
        SetBkColor(tmphdc,RGB(0,0));
        DrawText(tmphdc,DT_CENTER);
        BITMAP structBitmapHeader;
        memset( &structBitmapHeader,sizeof(BITMAP) );
        HGDIOBJ hBitmap = GetCurrentObject(tmphdc,OBJ_BITMAP);
        GetObject(hBitmap,sizeof(BITMAP),&structBitmapHeader);
        BitBlt(hdcmem,247,structBitmapHeader.bmWidth,structBitmapHeader.bmHeight,tmphdc,SRCCOPY);

        DeleteDC(tmphdc);
        DeleteDC(tmp);
    }

    // If paused
    if (game.paused)
    {
        RECT rc;
        rc.top = 32;
        rc.left = 32;
        rc.bottom = 330;
        rc.right = 330;
        BitBlt(hdcmem,288,NULL,BLACKNESS);
        HFONT font = CreateFont(50,FW_NORMAL,NULL);
        SelectObject(hdcmem,font);
        SetTextColor(hdcmem,0));
        SetBkColor(hdcmem,0));
        DrawText(hdcmem,L"PAUSED",6,(DT_CENTER + DT_SINGLELINE + DT_VCENTER));
    }

    nums = LoadBitmap(hInst,MAKEINTRESOURCE(IDB_NUMBERS));
    hdcold = (HBITMAP)SelectObject(hbcmem,nums);
    for (int i = 100; i > 0; i /= 10) // coins and time left
    {
        int tmp;
        if (i == 100)
            tmp = game.coinsleft / 100;
        if (i == 10)
            tmp = ((game.coinsleft % 100) - (game.coinsleft % 10)) / 10;
        if (i == 1)
            tmp = game.coinsleft % 10;
        if (game.coinsleft < i && i > 1)
            tmp = 10;
        int ypos = game.get_num_pos(tmp,(game.coinsleft == 0));
        BitBlt(hdcmem,417 + ((3 - (int)floor(log10((double)i)) * 17)),215,17,23,SRCCOPY);

        if (i == 100)
            tmp = game.timeleft / 100;
        if (i == 10)
            tmp = ((game.timeleft % 100) - (game.timeleft % 10)) / 10;
        if (i == 1)
            tmp = game.timeleft % 10;
        if (game.timeleft < i && i > 1)
            tmp = 10;
        if (game.map.timelimit == 0)
            tmp = 11;
        ypos = game.get_num_pos(tmp,(game.timeleft < 16 || game.map.timelimit == 0));
        BitBlt(hdcmem,369 + ((3 - (int)floor(log10((double)i))) * 17),125,SRCCOPY);
    }

    if (game.onhint)
    {
        HBITMAP sidebg = LoadBitmap(hInst,MAKEINTRESOURCE(IDB_SIDEBG));
        hdcold = (HBITMAP)SelectObject(hbcmem,sidebg);
        BitBlt(hdcmem,353,165,127,146,SRCCOPY);
        HFONT font = CreateFont(18,true,255));
        SetBkColor(hdcmem,0));
        RECT rc;
        rc.top = 168;
        rc.left = 356;
        rc.bottom = 308;
        rc.right = 477;
        string str = "Hint: " + game.map.hint;
        TCHAR* tch = new TCHAR[str.length()];
        mbstowcs_s(NULL,str.length());
        DrawText(hdcmem,DT_CENTER + DT_WORDBREAK);
    } else {
        hdcold = (HBITMAP)SelectObject(hbcmem,sprites);                // LOWER SIDE INFO
        if (game.player.key1 > 0)
            BitBlt(hdcmem,352,192,160,SRCCOPY);
        else BitBlt(hdcmem,SRCCOPY);
        if (game.player.key2 > 0)
            BitBlt(hdcmem,384,SRCCOPY);
        if (game.player.key3 > 0)
            BitBlt(hdcmem,416,224,SRCCOPY);
        if (game.player.key4)
            BitBlt(hdcmem,448,SRCCOPY);
        if (game.player.mod1)
            BitBlt(hdcmem,279,256,SRCCOPY);
        if (game.player.mod2)
            BitBlt(hdcmem,SRCCOPY);
        if (game.player.mod3)
            BitBlt(hdcmem,320,SRCCOPY);
        if (game.player.mod4)
            BitBlt(hdcmem,SRCCOPY);
    }
    BitBlt(hdc,518,401,hdcmem,SRCCOPY);

    EndPaint(hWnd,&ps);
}
    break;
case WM_DESTROY:
    SelectObject(hdc,hdcold);
    DeleteDC(hdcmem);
    DeleteDC(hbcmem);
    ReleaseDC(hWnd,hdc);
    DeleteObject(bg);
    PostQuitMessage(0);
    break;

我也非常感谢任何人可以提供的关于语法,效率和/或更好的代码处理方式的建议/批评.我是Win32的新手.

解决方法

您正在泄漏GDI对象.

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